Repellency of essential oil and sesquiterpenes from leaves of Chloroxylon swietenia DC. against mosquito bites
Abstract
Chloroxylon swietenia DC. is a medicinal as well as aromatic tree of tropical dry deciduous forests native to Indian and Srilanka. Analysis of essential oil from leaves isolated by hydrodistillation was carried out by GC and GC-MS. The essential oil was found to be rich in limonene, trans-β-ocimene, pregeijerene, geijerene and germacrene D. Based on an arm-in-cage test, the oil and the isolated sesquiterpenes namely, germacrene D, pregeijerene and geijerene were screened for repellent activity against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles gambiae and compared favourably with a positive control sample, DEET. The crude oil exhibited potent repellency with RD50 of 22.2 & 25.1x10-5 mg/cm-2 respectively for two mosquito species followed by germacrene D, pregeijerene and geijerene. However, the crude oil was found to be equally potent as DEET, a widely used insect repellent which showed RD50 of 20.6 & 22.4x10-5 mg/cm-2. The results indicate the potential of oil and sesquiterpene compounds for future field trials in various mosquito eradication programmes.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14259%2Fpm.v1i3.78
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